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FINS3616 International Business Finance
Term 1 2019
Midterm 2 Review
Question 1
You just moved from the United Kingdom to Switzerland to go to school at the University of Zurich for 7 months (210 days). Upon opening a bank account, you realise that interest rates here are much higher than they are in the United Kingdom. Lucky for you, you don’t need to incur any debt while you are in Switzerland. However, you will need to invest some money.
You have two options: you can either invest in the United Kingdom where annu- alised 7 month rates are currently 3.5% or you can convert your British pounds into Swiss francs (with a current spot rate of GBP1.2829/CHF and invest in an annualised 7 month rate of 7.4%.
Given this information, what is the annualised forward premium or discount that the Swiss franc should trade at against the British pound in the 210-day forward market as implied by interest rate parity?
a. 3.82% premium b. 3.82% discount c. 3.74% discount d. 3.77% premium e. 3.63% discount
Question 2
You live in Australia and want to try to make some money through interest rate arbitrage abroad. You notice the following rates quoted online:
|
Bid |
Ask |
Spot exchange rate |
AUD 1.1858/USD |
AUD 1.1899/USD |
270-day Forward exchange rate |
AUD 1.2584/USD |
AUD 1.2632/USD |
270-day USD interest rate |
6.70% p.a. |
6.92% p.a. |
270-day AUD interest rate |
8.82% p.a. |
9.30% p.a. |
What will your profit (in AUD) be 270 days from now if you borrow AUD7 million and invest in the United States then convert back to the Australian dollar?
a. AUD 271,117 b. AUD 306,495 c. AUD 286,725 d. AUD 357,533 e. AUD 324,139
Question 3
Suppose the current spot exchange rate between the U.S dollar (USD) and the Canadian dollar (CAD) is USD0.7346/CAD. You estimate the beta of buying Canadian dollar forward with U.S dollar and subsequently selling Canadian dollar for U.S dollar in the spot market to be 0.8. You also estimate the expected rate of return on the market portfolio in excess of the risk-free interest rate to be 9.0%.
What is the expected spot rate in one year given a one year forward rate of USD0.6856/CAD?
a. USD0.7875/CAD b. USD0.7385/CAD c. USD0.7312/CAD d. USD0.7840/CAD e. USD0.7350/CAD
Question 4
What does the ’carry trade’ term mean?
a. Borrow in the domestic currency to earn only the higher yield of the dollar implied by the regression.
b. None of these explanations define the term ’carry trade’.
c. Borrow in the foreign currency to earn both the higher yield and the expected capital appreciation of the dollar implied by the regression.
d. Borrow in the domestic currency to earn both the higher yield and the expected capital appreciation of the dollar implied by the regression.
e. Borrow in the foreign currency to earn only the expected capital appreciation of the dollar implied by the regression.
Question 5
Suppose the current one-year interest rate in Brazil is 10.00% while a similar one-year rate in Bolivia is 3.00%. You estimate the beta of making an unhedged investment of Brazilian Real in the Bolivian Boliviano money market to be 1.75.
What is the beta of purchasing Bolivianos one-year forward with Real and selling Boliviano in the spot market in one-year?
a. 1.70 b. 1.80 c. 1.61 d. 1.93 e. 1.59
Question 6
Assume that CHF14,053 is the current price level in Switzerland, while CAD15,698 is the current price level in Canada for an equivalent bundle of goods.
Given a spot exchange rate of CHF1.0494/CAD, what is the internal and external purchasing power of CHF0.60 million? Is the Swiss franc overvalued or underval- ued relative to the Canadian dollar?
a. 38.22 consumption bundles; 40.69 consumption bundles; undervalued b. 40.69 consumption bundles; 38.22 consumption bundles; overvalued c. 42.70 consumption bundles; 36.42 consumption bundles; undervalued d. 38.22 consumption bundles; 40.69 consumption bundles; overvalued e. 42.70 consumption bundles; 36.42 consumption bundles; overvalued
Question 7
You are considering two job offers, one in France and one in Switzerland. The position in France pays EUR184,000 per year. The price level for a basket of goods in France is EUR22,074 and CHF18,223 for an equivalent basket of goods in Switzerland. The current spot rate is EUR1.1445/CHF. Assume that you are otherwise indifferent between these two locations.
How much would the job in Switzerland need to pay you to make you equally well off as the job in France?
a. CHF151,900 b. CHF160,769 c. CHF210,588 d. CHF149,226 e. CHF222,884
Question 8
The American Consumer Price Index (CPI) is currently 159.3 and the French CPI is currently 164.1. Economists expect that in one year the American CPI will be 169.4 and the French CPI will be 177.7. The current spot exchange rate between the two countries is EUR0.8158/USD.
If relative purchasing power parity holds, what is the expected spot exchange rate in one year?
a. EUR0.8307/USD b. EUR0.7777/USD c. EUR0.8011/USD d. EUR0.8816/USD e. EUR0.7919/USD
Question 9
If holds, then the real exchange rate is equal to 1.
a. uncovered interest rate parity b. covered interest rate parity
c. the Fisher Effect
d. relative purchasing power parity e. absolute purchasing power parity
Question 10
A local restaurant serves German (or at least as close to it as you can get in Sydney) food prepared from local ingredients. They do, however, import several brands of beer (bier) directly from Germany. Currently the average price they pay for the beer is EUR34.82 per case. Last year the restaurant purchased 1,495 cases. The restaurant had revenues (net of other costs) of AUD104,800 and they expect that revenue to increase with the local rate of inflation, 4.1%, over the next year. The price of German beer is expected to increase at the rate of German inflation, 1.7%. The current exchange rate is AUD1.2691/EUR and remained unchanged from last year.
If the Euro experiences a real appreciation of 9.9% relative to the Australian dollar this year, and if the restaurant purchases the same amount of beer as last year, by how much will real profits change?
a. -12.22% b. -17.17% c. -13.48% d. -16.88% e. -12.56%
Question 11
Assume that the Euro (EUR) futures price for September is $1.80. Given that 125,000 units are in a Euro futures contract, the seller of Euro futures will receive on the delivery date.
a. $125,000.0 b. $225,000.0 c. $69,444.4 d. $117,444.4 e. $405,000.0
Question 12
Which one of the statements below is TRUE regarding the features of currency forward and currency futures contracts?
I. Forward contracts are over-the-counter contracts that can be customized based on the hedger’s need.
II. Counter-party risk is limited in futures contract because of the margin re- quirement and marking-to-market practice.
III. In futures markets, losses and profits are recognized on a daily basis.
IV. A company can negotiate the delivery date on a futures contract to make the currency be delivered on the date it desires.
a. I, II, and III b. I, II, and IV
c. I, III, and IV
d. II, III, and IV
e. I, II, III, and IV
Question 13
An Canadian company has purchased currency put options to hedge a 200,000 Australian dollar (AUD) receivable. The premium is CAD0.0154 and the exercise price of the option is CAD0.7750. Assume that the spot rate at the time of maturity is CAD0.8204.
Ignoring the time value of money, what is the net amount received by the company if it acts rationally?
a. CAD161,000 b. CAD167,160 c. CAD164,080 d. CAD155,000 e. CAD151,920
Question 14
Which of the following is false regarding options?
I. The writer of a call option has the obligation to purchase the underlying currency from the option purchaser if the option is exercised.
II. The purchaser of a call option has the right to purchase the underlying currency at the strike price
III. The purchaser of a put option has the right to sell the underlying currency at the strike price.
IV. The writer of a put option has the obligation to purchase the underlying currency from the option purchaser if the option is exercised
a. I
b. II c. III d. IV
e. None of the above. All statements are correct.
Question 15
A put option is available for Swiss franc with an exercise price of AUD0.7268 and a premium of AUD0.0220. Assume that there are no brokerage fees.
The future spot rate at which the of the option breaks even is AUD .
a. buyer; AUD0.7488 b. buyer; AUD0.7048 c. seller; AUD0.7048
d. Both a and c are correct. e. Both b and c are correct.
Question 16
Consider the following fixed-for-fixed currency swap in Euros and British pounds. The notional principals are GBP67,914,000 and EUR63,000,000, and the GBP rate is 5.50% while the EUR rate is 3.75%. Payments are made semiannually, and the current exchange rate is GBP1.0780/EUR. What are the interest payments each period?
a. EUR1,732,500; GBP1,273,388 b. EUR1,273,388; GBP3,465,000 c. EUR1,181,250; GBP1,181,250 d. EUR1,867,635; GBP1,181,250 e. EUR1,181,250; GBP1,867,635
Question 17
Consider the following fixed borrowing rates available to Brady Corp and to Grey Corp in both the U.S. dollar (USD) and the Euro (EUR):
|
USD rate |
EUR rate |
Brady Corp |
10.00% p.a. |
16.90% p.a. |
Grey Corp |
7.50% p.a. |
11.30% p.a. |
One firm has an absolute advantage in borrowing in both currencies. Assume that each firm borrows at its comparative advantage and then enters into a swap with a financial intermediary. Under the swap, the financial intermediary makes the payments to the firms that each need to cover the loans borrowed at their comparative advantages. In exchange, the financial intermediary requires payment at 16.40% p.a. in the Euro from the firm that has a comparative advantage in borrowing the U.S. dollar, while also requiring payment at 6.60% p.a. in the U.S. dollar from the other firm.
What is the net benefit to the intermediary from such a swap?
a. 1.55% p.a. b. 3.10% p.a. c. 9.80% p.a. d. 1.70% p.a.
e. This swap would be a net loss to the financial intermediary.
Question 18
Consider currency swaps. Which statement below is NOT TRUE?
a. Both counterparties can benefit from a swap even if one counterparty has the comparative advantage in all types of borrowing.
b. The differences in how credit risk is priced gives rise to comparative advan- tage in borrowing through swaps.
c. When an intermediary is involved in a swap, the intermediary assumes the counterparty risk for both ends of the transaction.
d. All currency swaps have an NPV of zero when the contract is signed. e. None of the above. All of the statements are correct.
Question 19
Which of the following is NOT TRUE with respect to MNCs management of transaction exposure?
a. An MNC may decide not to hedge if its inflow currencies are highly correlated with its outflow currencies.
b. Generally, decisions on whether to hedge, how much to hedge, and how to hedge will vary with the MNC management’s degree of risk aversion.
c. MNCs generally perceive their foreign exchange management as a profit centre.
d. MNCs that hedge most of their exposure do not necessarily expect that hedging will always be beneficial.
e. None of the above. All of the statements are true.
Question 20
Furry Company needs 200,000 Canadian dollars (CAD) in 120 days and is trying to determine whether or not to hedge this position. Furry has developed the following probability distribution for the Canadian dollar:
Possible CAD value in 120 days |
Probability |
AUD0.6100 |
12% |
AUD0.6520 |
23% |
AUD0.6760 |
41% |
AUD0.6930 |
24% |
The 120-day forward rate of the Canadian dollar is AUD0.6650, and the expected spot rate of the Canadian dollar in 120 days is AUD0.6666. If Furry implements a forward hedge, what is the probability that hedging will be more costly to the company than not hedging?
a. 76% b. 64% c. 88% d. 35% e. 12%
Question 21
If you fear the Australian dollar will rise against the euro, with a resulting adverse change in the Australian dollar value of the equity of your Spanish subsidiary which uses euros, you can hedge this translation exposure by
a. reducing cash in the Australian dollar.
b. increasing borrowing in the Australian dollar.
c. delaying accounts payable in the euro.
d. tighten credit terms to decrease accounts receivable in the Australian dollar. e. None of the above will hedge this translation exposure.
Question 22
Suppose that La Oficina de Envigado, a Colombian multinational entity, is selling its product in Australia for AUD127,000 per kilogram when the exchange rate is AUD1 = COP2,350. If the AUD appreciates to COP2,470, what price must La Oficina de Envigado charge to maintain its COP unit revenue?
a. AUD123,467 b. AUD127,364 c. AUD133,485 d. AUD120,830 e. AUD125,407
Question 23
Hybrid Air Vehicles Limited is a British manufacturer of hybrid airships. These aircraft use both aerodynamics and lighter-than-air technology to generate lift, potentially allowing the vehicle to stay aloft for several weeks. The company sells its products to U.S. airlines and buys parts from U.S. companies. Suppose it has accounts receivable of $890 million and accounts payable of $350 million. It also has borrowed $400 million. The current spot rate is $1.75/£ . Which of the following statement is NOT TRUE regarding Hybrid Air Vehicles’ dollar transaction exposure?
a. If the pound appreciates to $1.95/£, the company will gain £8.2 million on its dollar transaction exposure.
b. As the company’s cash inflows and outflows are in foreign currencies, the company is exposed to risks from potential exchange rate changes between now and when these transaction settle.
c. Hybrid Air Vehicles’ dollar transaction exposure is $140 million. d. Hybrid Air Vehicles’ pound transaction exposure is £80 million. e. None of the above. All statements are true.
Question 24
Press F, a BBB-rated firm, desires a fixed rate, long-term loan. Press F presently has access to floating interest rate funds at a margin of 1.75% p.a. over LIBOR. Its direct borrowing cost is 9.61% p.a. in the fixed rate bond market. In contrast, B.D. Energy, which prefers a floating rate loan, has access to fixed rate funds in the Eurodollar bond market at 6.45% p.a. and floating rate funds at LIBOR + 0.24% p.a. Suppose they enter into an interest rate swap contract, which a broker agrees to arrange for a fee of 0.35% p.a. and they agree to split the cost savings equally. Due to this arrangement, Press F will have achieved a cost of p.a. for its fixed rate money and B.D. Energy will have achieved a cost of p.a. for its floating rate money?
a. 8.96%; LIBOR - 0.41% b. 8.79%; LIBOR - 0.59% c. 8.86%; LIBOR - 1.06% d. 8.96%; LIBOR - 0.59% e. 8.86%; LIBOR - 0.41%
Question 25
Suppose the Swiss franc revalues from $0.4213 at the beginning of the year to $0.4680 at the end of the year. U.S. inflation is 4.2% and Swiss inflation is 7.6% during the year. What is the real devaluation (-) or real revaluation (+) of the Swiss franc during the year?
a. -12.1% b. +12.1% c. +7.6% d. +14.7% e. -12.8%